Bone is a heterogeneous composite material consisting, in decreasing order, of a mineral phase, hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) (analogous to geologic ‘hydroxyapatite’),1 an organic phase (∼90% type I collagen, ∼5% noncollagenous proteins (NCPs), ∼2% lipids by weight)2 and water.

Bone is a mineralized connective tissue that exhibits four types of cells: osteoblasts, bone lining cells, osteocytes, and osteoclasts [1, 2]. Bone exerts important functions in the body, such as locomotion, support and protection of soft tissues, calcium and phosphate storage, and harboring of bone marrow [3, 4].

Bone, rigid body tissue consisting of cells embedded in an abundant hard intercellular material. The two principal components of this material, collagen and calcium phosphate, distinguish bone from such other hard tissues as chitin, enamel, and shell.

Lipid and mineral storage – bone is a reservoir holding adipose tissue within the bone marrow and calcium within the hydroxyapatite crystals. Support – bones form the framework and shape of the body. Protection – especially the axial skeleton which surrounds the major organs of the body.

Bone material properties * The mineral component is composed of hydroxyapatite, which is an insoluble salt of calcium and phosphorus. About 65% of adult bone mass is hydroxyapatite. * Bone also contains small amounts of magnesium, sodium, and bicarbonate. * Water comprises approximately 25% of adult bone mass.

Your skull protects the most important part of all, the brain. You can feel your skull by pushing on your head, especially in the back a few inches above your neck.

Stapes (middle ear) is the smallest and lighest bone of the human body. It conducts soundwaves to the inner ear. While clavicle (collar bone) is the softest bone of the human body.

diamond

Palladium microalloy glass