A confirmation bias is a type of cognitive bias that involves favoring information that confirms your previously existing beliefs or biases. 1 For example, imagine that a person holds a belief that left-handed people are more creative than right-handed people.

The systematic ways in which our ethics are limited is bounded ethicality. Explanation: Our ability to make ethical choices can be limited because of pressures that arise, both internal and external.

In their initial research, Tversky and Kahneman proposed three heuristics—availability, representativeness, and anchoring and adjustment. Subsequent work has identified many more. Heuristics that underlie judgment are called “judgment heuristics”.

Cognitive prejudice refers to what people believe is true, stereotypes. These beliefs include expectations, impressions, criticisms, and assumptions. Affective prejudice refers to what people dislike and like. It holds an emotional aspect of prejudice.

The cognitive approach suggests that prejudice is a function of cognitive processes where stereotypic information about social groups, stored in memory, is automatically activated and affects peopleГs judgements and behavior toward members of the target group.

Personal prejudice is a view or judgment that someone has for another person or group based on their real or perceived group membership. A personal prejudice can shape the way that people interact with others and can often last a lifetime.

Strong social attitudes are usually referred to as prejudices. Therefore, the results of this study favor the con- tention that prejudices are “emotional attitudes.” The two hypotheses examined resulted in the following findings.

For example, people rate groups such as homeless people, drug addicts and poor people low on both warmth and competence, prompting them to feel disgust. In contrast, they rate elderly people, along with the disabled and developmentally challenged, high on warmth but low on competence, prompting them to feel pity.