Silent mutation is a mutation that does not change the amino acids sequence of the encoded protein. Neutral mutation, on the other hand, is a mutation that has no observable effect on the organism’s fitness.

After appearing by mutation, a neutral allele may become more common within the population via genetic drift. Usually, it will be lost, or in rare cases it may become fixed, meaning that the new allele becomes standard in the population.

a form of a gene that when carried in an organism in no way alters the FITNESS of that individual to survive and reproduce.

A silent mutation is a change in the sequence of nucleotide bases which constitutes DNA, without a subsequent change in the amino acid or the function of the overall protein. A silent mutation can be caused many ways, but the key point is that it does not change the function of the amino acid or subsequent proteins.

Hereditary mutations are inherited from a parent and are present throughout a person’s life in virtually every cell in the body. These mutations are also called germline mutations because they are present in the parent’s egg or sperm cells, which are also called germ cells.

A mutagen is a chemical or physical phenomenon, such as ionizing radiation, that promotes errors in DNA replication. Exposure to a mutagen can produce DNA mutations that cause or contribute to diseases such as cancer.

Irradiation to bring about heritable genetic changes Physical mutagens most often result in chromosome changes and larger DNA deletions while mutagenic chemicals typically cause point mutations. The degree of mutation also depends on the tissue and the time and dosage of exposure.

Physical mutagens include electromagnetic radiation, such as gamma rays, X rays, and UV light, and particle radiation, such as fast and thermal neutrons, beta and alpha particles. Mutagenic treatment of seeds is the most convenient and, therefore, the standard method in seed propagated crops.

A Mutation occurs when a DNA gene is damaged or changed in such a way as to alter the genetic message carried by that gene. A Mutagen is an agent of substance that can bring about a permanent alteration to the physical composition of a DNA gene such that the genetic message is changed.

Types of Changes in DNA

The chemical or physical agents that cause mutations are called mutagens. Examples of physical mutagens are ultraviolet (UV) and gamma radiation.

Mutations can be induced by several methods. The three general approaches used to generate mutations are radiation, chemical and transposon insertion. The first induced mutations were created by treating Drosophila with X-rays. Using this a pproach Mueller to induce lethal mutations.