Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) is the primary protein component of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) is the primary protein component of high-density lipoprotein (HDL).

ApoA-I is the major protein in High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) particles (Figure 1). The apoB number indicates the total number of atherogenic particles, the higher the number the higher is the cardiovascular (CV) risk.

Apo B, apo A-I and the apo B/apo A-I ratio have been reported as better predictors of cardiovascular events than LDL-C and they even retain their predictive power in patients receiving lipid-modifying therapy. Measurement of these apolipoproteins could improve cardiovascular risk prediction.

Apolipoprotein A-1 (Apo A-1) and apolipoprotein B (Apo B) are used alongside other routine lipid tests to help determine an individual’s risk of developing CVD – not as a general population screen but rather where patients have a family history of heart disease &/or hyperlipidaemia to help determine the cause ( …

What is Apolipoprotein B? Apolipoprotein B is a large protein that serves as the backbone of LDL and other lipoproteins. It can help determine your risk of heart disease and some studies suggest it may even be a better predictor than the commonly-measured LDL cholesterol (the “bad” cholesterol).

Normal levels of ApoB-100 in adults are less than 100 mg/dL. Your risk is high if you have a result greater than 110 mg/dL. High levels of ApoB may mean that you have a higher than normal risk of developing cardiovascular disease. An ApoA test (linked with “good” cholesterol) may also be done with the ApoB test.

High levels of apo A-I is considered protective and can be independent of HDL levels. There are some genetic disorders that lead to deficiencies in apo A-I (and therefore to low levels of HDL).

The apolipoprotein B (apo B) test is used, along with other lipid tests, to help determine an individual’s risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Elevated levels of apo B correspond to elevated levels of LDL-C and to non-HDL-C and are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Elevations may be due to a high-fat diet and/or decreased clearing of LDL from the blood.

The apoB-containing lipoprotein particles that are the most damaging to our arteries include not only LDL cholesterol but also remnants of chylomicrons and VLDL (very low density lipoproteins). All three – LDL, VLDL, and chylomicrons – promote atherosclerosis.

It is unknown whether these phenotypes share the same risk factors. In particular, lipoprotein (a) [Lp (a)] and apolipoproteins (Apo) are associated with AS, but it is unknown whether these associations differ among phenotypes. In this prospective analysis we examined the impact of Lp (a) and Apo in subgroups of patients with AS.

Aortic stenosis has several phenotypes related to valvular morphology and concomitant atherosclerosis. In this study we found that high plasma levels of lipoprotein (a) and a high apolipoprotein B/A1 ratio associated independently with future surgery for aortic stenosis.

Interpretation Elevated apolipoprotein B (ApoB) confers increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, even in a context of acceptable LDL cholesterol concentrations. Extremely low values of ApoB (<48 mg/dL) are related to malabsorption of food lipids and can lead to polyneuropathy.

Elevated apolipoprotein B (ApoB) confers increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, even in a context of acceptable LDL cholesterol concentrations. Extremely low values of ApoB (<48 mg/dL) are related to malabsorption of food lipids and can lead to polyneuropathy.