The first law of thermodynamics states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only altered in form. For any system, energy transfer is associated with mass crossing the control boundary, external work, or heat transfer across the boundary.

The limitation of the first law of thermodynamics is that it does not say anything about the direction of flow of heat. It does not say anything whether the process is a spontaneous process or not. The reverse process is not possible. In actual practice, the heat doesn’t convert completely into work.

Rudolf Clausius

When cooking with a stove and driving, the heat energy from the burner and the car engine follows the second law of heat transfer when the heat is transferred from the grill to the pot and also from the engine by combustion of fuel to the car wheels respectively resulting kinetic energy that makes the car move and …

An open system can exchange both energy and matter with its surroundings. The stovetop example would be an open system, because heat and water vapor can be lost to the air. A closed system, on the other hand, can exchange only energy with its surroundings, not matter.

An open system is one in which energy can be transferred between the system and its surroundings. The stovetop system is open because heat can be lost into the air. A closed system is one that cannot transfer energy to its surroundings. Biological organisms are open systems.

When discussing worldviews, what is the difference between an open system and a closed system? – An open system says that there is a spiritual force outside of social interaction while a closed system says there is no outside force.

Answers. closed-cycle: gas turbine is a turbine that uses a gas (e.g. air, nitrogen, helium, argon, etc.) for the working fluid as part of a closed thermodynamic system. open cycle: The fresh charge is supplied to each cycle and after combustion and expansion. It is discharged to atmosphere.

In thermodynamics, a closed system can exchange energy (as heat or work) but not matter, with its surroundings. An isolated system cannot exchange any heat, work, or matter with the surroundings, while an open system can exchange energy and matter.

In closed system only energy transfer can takes place and no mass transfer takes place. Explanation : Only energy transfer can takes place in closed system. When both the energy as well as the mass transfer take place in system then it is called open system.

A Closed System is a system that does not allow any transfer of mass in or out of the system. The concept of closed systems comes from the branch of physics known as thermodynamics, which studies transfer of heat energy between objects and their environmental surroundings.

A simple water bottle is also an example of a closed system. There is an isolated system as well. Isolated system can neither exchange energy nor matter with its surroundings. Thermoflask is an example of an isolated system.