What is the function of a “spliceosome”? The spliceosome splices out the non-coding introns from the primary mRNA transcript, and stitches the exons back together into the mature mRNA transcript.

The spliceosome catalyzes nuclear pre-mRNA splicing via formation of an intron lariat and is arguably the most complex macromolecular machine in eukaryotic cells. Intron lariat formation is a conservative feature of the splicing reaction for both spliceosomal and group II introns.

Each spliceosome is composed of five small nuclear RNAs (snRNA) and a range of associated protein factors. When these small RNAs are combined with the protein factors, they make RNA-protein complexes called snRNPs (small nuclear ribonucleoproteins, pronounced “snurps”).

Splicing is catalyzed by the spliceosome, a large RNA-protein complex composed of five small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs). Assembly and activity of the spliceosome occurs during transcription of the pre-mRNA. The RNA components of snRNPs interact with the intron and are involved in catalysis.

Splicing makes genes more “modular,” allowing new combinations of exons to be created during evolution. Furthermore, new exons can be inserted into old introns, creating new proteins without disrupting the function of the old gene. Our knowledge of RNA splicing is quite new.

Ribonucleic acid is a polymeric molecule essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes. During the process of translation, the RNA undergoes splicing mechanism because it has intron and exons but introns have to be removed before the further translation takes place.

Splicing occurs in the nucleus before the RNA migrates to the cytoplasm. Once splicing is complete, the mature mRNA (containing uninterrupted coding information), is transported to the cytoplasm where ribosomes translate the mRNA into protein. The pre-mRNA transcript contains both introns and exons.

HnRNA stands for heterogeneous nuclear RNA. As its name suggests, hnRNA is a term that encompasses various types and sizes of RNAs found in the eukaryotic cell nucleus.

hnRNA stands for heterogeneous nuclear RNA. It refers to the large pre‐mRNAs of various nucleotide sequences that are made by RNA Polymerase II, and processed in the nucleus to become cytoplasmic mRNAs.

The 5′ cap is added to the first nucleotide in the transcript during transcription. The cap is a modified guanine (G) nucleotide, and it protects the transcript from being broken down. It also helps the ribosome attach to the mRNA and start reading it to make a protein.

hnRNA is the precursor of mRNA that is transcribed by RNA ploymerase II and is called heterogenous nuclear RNA. Now the hnRNA undergoes a process where the introns are removed and exons are joined to form mRNA by the process called splicing.

Splicing is the process of removal of introns and joining of exons in a definite manner.

There are two main functions of RNA. It assists DNA by serving as a messenger to relay the proper genetic information to countless numbers of ribosomes in your body. The other main function of RNA is to select the correct amino acid needed by each ribosome to build new proteins for your body.