Salt in the ocean comes from two sources: runoff from the land and openings in the seafloor. Rocks on land are the major source of salts dissolved in seawater. Rainwater that falls on land is slightly acidic, so it erodes rocks.

Seawater is a dynamic chemical mixture that interacts constantly with the land, the atmosphere, and living things. When rainwater flows over the land, it dissolves substances from soil and rocks. Runoff carries these materials directly into the ocean or into streams and rivers that empty into the ocean (Fig. 2.3 A).

Carbon dioxide is one of the most important gases that dissolve in the ocean. Some of it stays as dissolved gas, but most reacts with the water to form carbonic acid or reacts with carbonates already in the water to form bicarbonates.

The amount of each gas that can dissolve in the ocean depends on the solubility and saturation of the gas in water. Solubility refers to the amount of a dissolved gas that the water can hold under a particular set of conditions, which are usually defined as 0o C and 1 atmosphere of pressure.

As the seawater gets saltier, its density increases, and it starts to sink. Surface water is pulled in to replace the sinking water, which in turn eventually becomes cold and salty enough to sink. This initiates the deep-ocean currents driving the global conveyer belt.

Oxygen is the most important gas in the sea, as it is necessary for all higher forms of life. The surface water is usually saturated with oxygen, absorbed from the atmosphere and from photosynthesis of algae. The only oxygen supply in deep water is either the addition of new water or vertical mixing. …

Ask: Where does the oxygen we breathe come from? Explain to students that rainforests are responsible for roughly one-third (28%) of the Earth’s oxygen but most (70%) of the oxygen in the atmosphere is produced by marine plants.

The oxygen content of the ocean has declined by around 2% since the middle of the 20th century overall, while the volume of ocean waters completely depleted of oxygen has quadrupled since the 1960s.

“Global warming, combined with the negative impacts of numerous other human activities, is devastating our ocean, with alarming declines in fish stocks, the death of our reefs, and sea level rise that could displace hundreds of millions of people.”

All plant and animal life on Earth need oxygen to survive. According to a new study, a billion years from now, Earth’s oxygen will become depleted in a span of about 10,000 years, bringing about worldwide extinction for all except microbes.

Therefore, under Martian gravity, the soil can hold more water than on Earth, and water and nutrients within the soil would drain away more slowly. Some conditions would make it difficult for plants to grow on Mars. Also, the Martian atmosphere is not as thick as Earth’s atmosphere, which keeps our planet warm.

Answer 2: in our solar system Earth is the only planet with a lot of oxygen (21% on earth) in the atmosphere.

As such, there is simply no way life could survive on the surface of Pluto. Between the extreme cold, low atmospheric pressure, and constant changes in the atmosphere, no known organism could survive. However, that does not rule out the possibility of life being found inside the planet.

It is cold on Titan (surface temperature of about -290 degrees F). And people would need to wear respirators to breathe oxygen, since the atmosphere is mostly nitrogen. The light on Titan is a little dim, like just after a sunset here on Earth, due to the haze particles in the thick atmosphere.

The planet Uranus indeed contains a significant amount of hydrogen and methane, both highly flammable gases. However, the burning of methane or hydrogen requires oxygen. Simply put, there is no free oxygen on the planet Uranus.

Uranus’ environment is not conducive to life as we know it. The temperatures, pressures and materials that characterize this planet are most likely too extreme and volatile for organisms to adapt to.

Uranus is one of the most distant worlds in our solar system — and one of the most dangerous for the moons orbiting it. Discovered in 1781, Uranus is an ice giant orbiting our Sun once every 84 Earth years. Robert Chancia at the University of Idaho and his colleagues set out to better understand Uranus’ Eta ring.

Uranus is an ice giant, meaning that its chemical makeup differs from Jupiter and Saturn, with strong enrichment in elements like carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen, mixed with an atmosphere of hydrogen and helium.

Deep within Neptune and Uranus, it rains diamonds—or so astronomers and physicists have suspected for nearly 40 years. The outer planets of our Solar System are hard to study, however. Beyond the lingering mystery of the diamond rain, there’s a big loss in our failure to study Uranus and Neptune inside and out.

Neptune

Uranus has a weird rotation and tilt Its magnetic north and south are also way different than its polar north and south. All told, this causes some bizarre seasonal effects. Imagine a world where, for example, the south pole is pointed at the sun while the north pole is shrouded in darkness.

Japanese astronomers have a theory to explain all the weird things about Uranus, including its rotation speed and the angle at which it spins. The planet may have been impacted by an icy body that vaporized, pushing the planet on its side and helping to form the planet’s tiny moons.

Uranus is known as the “sideways planet” because it rotates on its side. Uranus was the first planet found using a telescope. Uranus is an Ice Giant planet and nearly four times larger than Earth. Uranus has 27 known moons, most of which are named after literary characters.