Transparent soil is a reflective index-matched system which can be monitored by image process at high spatial and temporal resolutions at small laboratory scale (Optical Methods). In granular material, the voids between the particles can be filled with a material or liquid that has the same refractive index.

Soil provides many services and many products. The plants that are grown in soil can be used for food, clothing, recreation, aesthetics, building materials, medicines, and more. The minerals that make up soil particles can be used for dyes, make-ups, and medicines, or shaped into bricks, plates, and vases.

The clear soil was developed by theoretical biologist Lionel Dupuy at the James Hutton Institute in Dundee, Scotland. It’s is made of a synthetic material known as Nafion.

A new transparent synthetic soil similar to fused silica can be made of glass sand and pore fluid, a 1:4 blend by weight of twelve alkane and white mineral oil with a refractive index of 1.4585 at 24°C. Because of the different heating technology, the purity of glass sand is higher than fused silica.

Due to the nature of this is the hydrogel capable of replacing the medium soil, rock, or water, though. Also, the planting look more beautiful by using hydrogel has easier treatments.

As reported in Liu and Iskander (2010), amorphous silica powder has been used as a component of the transparent soil used to model clay. Amorphous silica powder has a two-pore system composed of ultrafine particles with a diameter of 2 μm….2.1. 1. Amorphous silica powder.

Synthetic soil is composed of a variety of organic and inorganic materials. Inorganic substances used include pumice, calcinated clay, cinders, vermiculite, perlite, and sand. Most synthetic soils are deficient in important mineral nutrients, which can be added during the mixing process or with water.

Disadvantages of using artificial fertilisers:

• Crops grow better, but so do weeds.
• Better quality plants attract insects so pesticides may be needed.
• Excess nitrogen from fertilisers gets into water supplies, causing fish to die.
• Chemicals need to be used safely.

Synthetic fertilizers have long-term negative effects. Fertilizers that leach into streams, rivers, lakes and other bodies of water disrupt aquatic ecosystems. Synthetic fertilizers increase the nitrate levels of soil. Plants produced from such soil, upon consumption, convert to toxic nitrites in the intestines.

We assume they are constant when they are not. Soils are giant organic bodies that change with time, metabolise and – ultimately – die. Until now, creating a synthetic soil has been an agrarian practice which uses various techniques such as the addition of substances or organisms.

Rocks and minerals are nonliving soil components. The particles of rocks and minerals found in soil have broken away from larger pieces of rocks and minerals. Other nonliving parts of soil are water and air spaces between mineral particles. They are important for plant growth.