2CH3−CH2−BrDryEther NaCH3−(n−butane)CH2−CH2−CH3.

Alkane can be prepared from alkene and alkyne through the process of hydrogenation. In this process, dihydrogen gas is added to alkynes and alkenes in the present catalyst. This catalysts which are finely divided is like nickel, palladium or platinum to form alkanes.

The reaction in which alkyl halides on treatment with sodium metal in dry ethereal (free from moisture) solution give higher alkanes is known as Wurtz reaction and is used for the preparation of higher alkanes containing even number of carbon atoms.

Alkyl halides (except alkyl fluorides) on reduction with zinc and dilute hydrochloric acid produce alkanes. Haloalkanes (Alkyl halides) react with metallic sodium in dry ether to form symmetrical alkanes with double the number of carbon atoms present in the alkyl halide. This reaction is known as Wurtz reaction.

Alkanes, also called paraffins, are a class of hydrocarbons that are fully saturated with hydrogen. They contain no double or triple bonds in their carbon skeletons and, therefore, have the maximum number of carbon to hydrogen covalent bonds.

Alkynes are hydrocarbons which contain carbon-carbon triple bonds. Their general formula is CnH2n-2 for molecules with one triple bond (and no rings).

Ethyne, also known as acetylene, is an organic chemical compound with the chemical formula C2H2. Since it is entire chemical composition only features hydrogen and carbon atoms, this compound is a hydrocarbon. Ethyne (or acetylene) is an unsaturated hydrocarbon since it contains a carbon-carbon triple bond.

C2H2

Approximately 80% of the ethyne produced annually in the US is used in the synthesis of myriad organic compounds. When burned in oxygen, ethyne produces a flame temperature of over 3300°C, releasing 11,800 J g-1, making it also useful for welding, cutting, soldering metals, and increasingly for hardening steel.

Ethylene, Methyl acetylene The ethylene is the common name of ethyne. It is a chemical compound. It is a simplest alkyne and the hydrocarbon. It is a colorless gas which is used as a fuel.

What is the Hybridization of Ethyne? During hybridization, C-C sigma bond is formed when one sp orbital overlaps from each of the carbons and two C-H bonds are created when second sp orbital on each carbon overlaps with 1s orbital of hydrogen. In this, the carbon atom will have two half-filled 2p orbitals.

In the formation of C2H2, the carbon atom needs extra electrons to form 4 bonds with hydrogen and other carbon atoms. The 2s orbital in each carbon hybridizes with one of the 2p orbitals and forms two sp hybrid orbitals. Ethyne has a triple bond between the two carbon atoms.

Answer: Since C2H2 is a linear molecule the C must be sp. Also only sp carbon can form a triple bond. sp2 carbon would give a trigonal planar arrangement. The O in HOCl has two lone pairs and two bonding pairs in a tetrahedral arrangement which is sp3.

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Alkenes (also called olefins) and alkynes (also called acetylenes) belong to the class of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons. Alkenes are hydrocarbons that contain a carbon-carbon double bond, whereas alkynes have a carbon-carbon triple bond.

List of Alkenes

• Ethene (C2H4)
• Propene (C3H6)
• Butene (C4H8)
• Pentene (C5H10)
• Hexene (C6H12)
• Heptene (C7H14)
• Octene (C8H16)
• Nonene (C9H18)

The alkanes comprise a series of compounds that are composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms with single covalent bonds. This group of compounds comprises a homologous series with a general molecular formula of C n H 2 n+2 , where equals any integer.

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