negative charge

If an object has more protons than electrons, then the net charge on the object is positive. If there are more electrons than protons, then the net charge on the object is negative. If there are equal numbers of protons and electrons, then the object is electrically neutral.

Electric charges are of two general types: positive and negative. Two objects that have an excess of one type of charge exert a force of repulsion on each other when relatively close together. For example, electrons have negative charge and protons have positive charge, but neutrons have zero charge.

The size of the force varies inversely as the square of the distance between the two charges. Therefore, if the distance between the two charges is doubled, the attraction or repulsion becomes weaker, decreasing to one-fourth of the original value. The size of the force is proportional to the value of each charge.

Justification: Doubling one charge increases the force by a factor of 2, so doubling both charges increases the force by a factor of 4. Doubling distance decreases the force by a factor of 4. The increase caused by the doubled charge is negated by the decrease caused by the doubled distance.

If both q1 and q2 are doubled leaving the distance between them unchanged, the magnitude of the force F is quadrupled. The second sentence about distances between the centers has an inverse effect on the force. If the distance between the two charges is doubled, the force F will be reduced to one-fourth of F.

Explanation: The electrostatic force is directly related to the product of the charges and inversely related to the square of the separation distance. Tripling one of the charges would serve to triple the force.

If the distance between the two objects is tripled, then Thus, the gravitational force between the two objects becomes one-ninth. (iii) If the masses of both the objects are doubled, then Thus, the gravitational force between the two objects becomes 4 times.

If the separation distance between any two objects is tripled (increased by a factor of 3), then the force of gravitational attraction is decreased by a factor of 9 (3 raised to the second power).

Based on the same types of experiments like the one you performed, scientists were able to establish three laws of electrical charges: Opposite charges attract each other. Like charges repel each other. Charged objects attract neutral objects.

First law. Coulomb’s first law states that two charged particles of same charge (positive or negative) will repel each other and two charged particles of opposite charges (one positive and one negative) will attract each other.

The minimum charge that a particle can have is the 1.6×10−19 coulomb.

An electrical charge is created when electrons are transferred to or removed from an object. Because electrons have a negative charge, when they are added to an object, it becomes negatively charged. When electrons are removed from an object, it becomes positively charged.

Protons carry positive charge and neutrons carry negative charge. The protons and neutrons in an atom are equal. The body which loses electrons is charged positively due to the loss of negative charge i.e. Electrons. On the other hand the body that gains electrons gets negative charge.

A positive charge occurs when the number of protons exceeds the number of electrons. A positive charge may be created by adding protons to an atom or object with a neutral charge. A positive charge also can be created by removing electrons from a neutrally charged object.

If an object has a positive charge, that means it has lost some electrons and now has more protons than electrons.

A neutral charge is the electrochemical occurrence where an atom has an equal number of electrons and protons. Such an atom is neither positively charged nor negatively charged because the protons and electrons balance each other out.

Divide the total excess charge by the known charge of a single electron. Continuing with the example above, 2.4 x 10^-18 divided by 1.60 x 10^-19 is the same as 2.4 / 1.60 times 10^-18 / 10^-19. Note that 10^-18 / 10^-19 is the same as 10^-18 * 10^19, which equals 10. 2.4/1.6 = 1.5.

The protons are positively charged, the electrons are negatively charged, and the neutrons are neutral. Therefore, all things are made up of charges. Opposite charges attract each other (negative to positive). Like charges repel each other (positive to positive or negative to negative).

The positive charge becomes separated from the negative charge. By inducing the movement of electrons within an object, one side of the object is left with an excess of positive charge and the other side of the object is left with an excess of negative charge. Charge becomes separated into opposites.

In contrast to the attractive force between two objects with opposite charges, two objects that are of like charge will repel each other. That is, a positively charged object will exert a repulsive force upon a second positively charged object. This repulsive force will push the two objects apart.

When two neutral objects come into contact–especially in a dry environment–electrons can be knocked loose from one object and picked up by the other. The object that gains electrons becomes negatively charged, while the object that loses electrons becomes positively charged.

Separation of Charge in Atoms. Charges in atoms and molecules can be separated—for example, by rubbing materials together. Some atoms and molecules have a greater affinity for electrons than others and will become negatively charged by close contact in rubbing, leaving the other material positively charged.

There is a spot along the line connecting the charges, just to the “far” side of the positive charge (on the side away from the negative charge) where the electric field is zero. In general, the zero field point for opposite sign charges will be on the “outside” of the smaller magnitude charge.