A solid has definite volume and shape, a liquid has a definite volume but no definite shape, and a gas has neither a definite volume nor shape. Figure 3.3.

A solid has a definite shape and a definite volume. • The particles that make up a solid are packed very closely together.

Answer: In the solid state, the individual particles of a substance are in fixed positions with respect to each other because there is not enough thermal energy to overcome the intermolecular interactions between the particles. As a result, solids have a definite shape and volume.

Mercury

The definition of sublimation is the change of solid substance directly to gas. In the equation, the “s” stands for solid. The “l” stands for liquid. And the “g” stands for gas.

Solid

The five phases of matter. There are four natural states of matter: Solids, liquids, gases and plasma. The fifth state is the man-made Bose-Einstein condensates. In a solid, particles are packed tightly together so they don’t move much.

Originally discovered by Sir William Crookes in 1879, plasma is created through a process called ionization, which adds energy to a gas so that some of its electrons leave its atoms.

In 1920’s, two of the most greatest scientists who ever existed, Albert Einstein and Satyendranath Bose did calculations for the fifth state of matter and named it ‘The Bose Einstein Condensate’ Or BEC for short.

Evaporation happens when a liquid turns into a gas. When liquid water reaches a low enough temperature, it freezes and becomes a solid—ice. When solid water is exposed to enough heat, it will melt and return to a liquid. As that liquid water is further heated, it evaporates and becomes a gas—water vapor.

Boiling and Condensation Again, at a certain temperature called the boiling point, the molecules will gain enough energy to break free and become a gas. The boiling point for water is 100 degrees C (212 degrees F). When the opposite occurs and a gas becomes a liquid, it is called condensation.

Examples of Liquid to Gas (Vaporization) Water to steam – Water is vaporized when it is boiled on the stove to cook some pasta, and much of it forms into a thick steam. Water evaporates – Water evaporates from a puddle or a pool during a hot summer’s day.