Q. Where do the carbon atoms in pyruvic acid and up following the Krebs cycle?
They become part of a carbon dioxide molecule and end up in the atmosphere.
Q. What happens to each of the 3 carbon atoms in pyruvic acid?
What happens to each of the 3 carbon atoms in pyruvic acid when it is broken down? One carbon atom becomes part of a molecule of carbon dioxide. Two of the carbon atoms are joined to a compound called coenzyme A to form acetyl-CoA.
Table of Contents
- Q. Where do the carbon atoms in pyruvic acid and up following the Krebs cycle?
- Q. What happens to each of the 3 carbon atoms in pyruvic acid?
- Q. What happens to the carbon atoms the enter the cycle as pyruvate?
- Q. Where do the carbon atoms of acetyl CoA end up?
- Q. Which molecule is used to reduce CO2 in the acetyl CoA pathway?
- Q. When two carbon acetyl-CoA is oxidized to co2 the total yield of ATP is?
- Q. Is Calvin cycle Exergonic?
- Q. Is Calvin cycle Exergonic or Endergonic?
- Q. What comes out of the Calvin cycle?
- Q. Why is the Calvin cycle important to most ecosystems?
- Q. Why is the light independent reaction important to most ecosystems?
- Q. Is CO2 oxidized or reduced in the Calvin cycle?
- Q. What is the most common enzyme on earth?
- Q. Is 3pg oxidized or reduced?
- Q. Why is Carboxylation the most crucial step?
- Q. Which of the following is important to continue Calvin cycle in a uninterrupted manner?
- Q. Where does Photorespiration occur?
- Q. How can Photorespiration be prevented?
Q. What happens to the carbon atoms the enter the cycle as pyruvate?
In the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA, each pyruvate molecule loses one carbon atom with the release of carbon dioxide. During the breakdown of pyruvate, electrons are transferred to NAD+ to produce NADH, which will be used by the cell to produce ATP.
Q. Where do the carbon atoms of acetyl CoA end up?
The acetyl carbons of acetyl CoA are released as carbon dioxide in the citric acid cycle.
Q. Which molecule is used to reduce CO2 in the acetyl CoA pathway?
For production of acetyl-CoA, each molecule of CO2 is reduced with different enzymes which “divides” the WLP into two “branches”: One molecule is reduced to CO by a carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (CODH) at the expense of two reducing equivalents in the carbonyl branch, and in the other, the methyl branch, the other CO2 …
Q. When two carbon acetyl-CoA is oxidized to co2 the total yield of ATP is?
In the second stage of aerobic oxidation, pyruvate formed in glycolysis is transported into mitochondria, where it is oxidized by O2 to CO2. These mitochondrial oxidation reactions generate 34 of the 36 ATP molecules produced from the conversion of glucose to CO2.
Q. Is Calvin cycle Exergonic?
You know that the process is exergonic and releases about 686 kcal of energy. The light reactions of photosynthesis produce ATP, which provides the Calvin cycle with the necessary energy. In addition, the NADPH produced by the light reactions provides the reducing power to put glucose together.
Q. Is Calvin cycle Exergonic or Endergonic?
The breaking of low PE molecules like H2O and CO2 require a lot of energy. However, the synthesis of glucose doesn’t give off that much energy. So, it’s endergonic.
Q. What comes out of the Calvin cycle?
The Calvin cycle has four main steps: carbon fixation, reduction phase, carbohydrate formation, and regeneration phase. Energy to fuel chemical reactions in this sugar-generating process is provided by ATP and NADPH, chemical compounds which contain the energy plants have captured from sunlight.
Q. Why is the Calvin cycle important to most ecosystems?
The Calvin cycle takes molecules of carbon straight out of the air and turns them into plant matter. This makes the Calvin cycle vital for the existence of most ecosystems, where plants form the base of the energy pyramid. Carnivores would subsequently not have access to energy stored in the bodies of herbivores!
Q. Why is the light independent reaction important to most ecosystems?
The light-independent reactions of photosynthesis use the ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions to fix CO2 into organic sugar molecules.
Q. Is CO2 oxidized or reduced in the Calvin cycle?
Atmospheric carbon dioxide is converted to glucose during the Calvin-Benson cycle. This requires the overall reduction of CO2, using the electrons available from the oxidation of NADPH. NADPH is oxidized to NADP+ and CO2 is reduced to glucose.
Q. What is the most common enzyme on earth?
Rubisco
Q. Is 3pg oxidized or reduced?
Due to unequal sharing of electrons in a C-O bond, the carbon atom in CO2 is electron deficient relative to a carbon atom in a carbohydrate, that bonds with only one oxygen atom. Carbon in CO2 is thus said to be more oxidized, while carbon in a carbohydrate is more reduced.
Q. Why is Carboxylation the most crucial step?
Carboxylation is the most crucial step. CO2 is used for the carboxylation of RuBP. This reaction is catalysed by the enzyme RuBisCO. And thus, for the phosphorylation to 1 RuBP, 1 ATP molecule is required.
Q. Which of the following is important to continue Calvin cycle in a uninterrupted manner?
Regeneration: For the cycle to continue uninterrupted, regeneration of the CO2 acceptor molecule is crucial. This step requires one ATP for phosphorylation to form RuBP. Hence, for every CO2 molecule entering the Calvin cycle, three molecules of ATP and two molecules of NADPH are required.
Q. Where does Photorespiration occur?
chloroplasts
Q. How can Photorespiration be prevented?
Some plants that are adapted to dry environments, such as cacti and pineapples, use the crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) pathway to minimize photorespiration. This name comes from the family of plants, the Crassulaceae, in which scientists first discovered the pathway.
