chloroplasts

Chlorophylls. The chlorophylls, a and b, are the pigments of photosynthesis. They are produced in chloroplasts in the photosynthetic tissues of the leaf. The chlorophyll molecules are very water repelling, partly because of the long phytol tail in the molecule.

thylakoid membrane

Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, α- and β-carotenes and violaxanthin are found to be the main chlorophylls and carotenoids, respectively, while the presence of lutein and zeaxanthin in this chloroplast is in low amount.

Whereas chlorophyll, carotene and xanthophyll are found in chloroplast and take part in the photosynthesis. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Chlorophyll is found in the thylakoid sacs of the chloroplast. The chloroplast is a specialized part of the cell that functions as an organelle. Once the appropriate wavelengths of light are absorbed by the chlorophyll into the thylakoid sacs, the important process of photosynthesis is able to begin.

Chlorophyll-b

The pigments of chloroplasts absorb blue and red light most effectively, and transmit or reflect green light, which is why leaves appear green. Photosynthesis does not only occur in the higher green plants; it occurs in algae and bacteria as well, albeit a little differently.

Multiple pigments absorb different wavelengths of light, allowing the plant to capture the maximum amount of energy from the sun. Multiple pigments allow the plants to have different colors of leaves, which allows them to capture the maximum amount of energy from the sun.

white

Yellow and Orange Pigments are Carotenoids The yellow and orange pigments in fall leaves are known as carotenoids.

Chlorophyll A is the major pigment used in photosynthesis, but there are several types of chlorophyll and numerous other pigments that respond to light, including red, brown, and blue pigments. These other pigments may help channel light energy to chlorophyll A or protect the cell from photo-damage.

Conclusion: The blue-black colour change of the leaf when iodine solution was added shows the presence of starch in the leaf. The colour of the first leaf when iodine solution was added to it was still the same.

In the leaf, excess glucose is rapidly converted to starch, so we test leaves for starch to show that photosynthesis has happened, rather than testing for glucose. We often indicate that light and chlorophyll are required for the process by adding them to the equation near the arrow.

Iodine solution is used to test leaves for the presence of starch. You need to: heat a plant leaf in boiling water for 30 seconds (this stops its chemical reactions) heat it in boiling ethanol for a few minutes (this removes most of its colour)

Your conclusions summarize how your results support or contradict your original hypothesis: Summarize your science fair project results in a few sentences and use this summary to support your conclusion. Include key facts from your background research to help explain your results as needed.

Important Steps for Drawing Our Conclusions

1. 1) Streamline the Main Points. First of all, the most important thing before drawing out conclusions is to collect all the information in a single place.
2. 2) Funnel the important points from the hypothesis and body.
3. 3) Assemble Relevant Data.

11.2 Steps of a Conclusion Examine the three steps of an effective conclusion: restatement of the thesis, review of the main points, and concluding device.

Method 1 of 5: Outlining Your Conclusion

1. Restate: Restate the lab experiment by describing the assignment.
2. Explain: Explain the purpose of the lab experiment.
3. Results: Explain your results.
4. Uncertainties: Account for uncertainties and errors.
5. New: Discuss new questions or discoveries that emerged from the experiment.

How to Write a Conclusion

1. Include a topic sentence. Conclusions should always begin with a topic sentence.
2. Use your introductory paragraph as a guide.
3. Summarize the main ideas.
4. Appeal to the reader’s emotions.
5. Include a closing sentence.

A good conclusion should do a few things:

• Restate your thesis.
• Synthesize or summarize your major points.
• Make the context of your argument clear.

The phrase in conclusion means “finally, to sum up,” and is used to introduce some final comments at the end of a speech or piece of writing. The phrase jump to conclusions means “to come to a judgment without enough evidence.” A foregone conclusion is an outcome that seems certain.

A conclusion is, in some ways, like your introduction. You restate your thesis and summarize your main points of evidence for the reader. In the following example, the thesis statement is in bold. Notice that it is written in 2 sentences.

What is another word for conclusion?

end	close
ending	finish
cessation	closure
finale	halt
culmination	denouement

transitional word

What is another word for in conclusion?

lastly	finally
in closing	to conclude
last	finally yet importantly
as a final point	in the final analysis
last but not least	in summary

Avoid phrases like “in conclusion,” “to conclude,” “in summary,” and “to sum up.” These phrases can be useful–even welcome–in oral presentations. But readers can see, by the tell-tale compression of the pages, when an essay is about to end. You’ll irritate your audience if you belabor the obvious.