The indirect object of a sentence is the recipient of the direct object. The direct object is the thing being acted on by the verb.

The Spanish indirect object pronouns are: me, te, le in the singular, and nos, os, les in the plural. They can replace the preposition a (meaning to) + noun. Like the direct object pronoun, the indirect object pronoun usually comes before the verb.

Indirect object pronouns are the words that replace the indirect object, and in French, they can only refer to a person or other animate noun. The French indirect object pronouns are: me / m’ me. te / t’ you. lui him, her.

French is more strict than English: if the pronoun is a direct object, you have to use ‘le’, ‘la’ or ‘les’, if it’s indirect, you have to use ‘lui’ or ‘leur’. I give her flowers every day. and conclude ‘The French for ‘her’ is ‘la’, I’ll write Je la donne des fleurs chaque jour’, which is wrong.

What are direct and indirect object pronouns? A direct object receives the action of the verb. An indirect object is indirectly affected by the action of a verb. ‘Direct object pronouns’ and ‘indirect object pronouns’ are the words you use to replace the direct and indirect objects of a sentence.

Direct speech is a sentence in which the exact words spoken are reproduced in speech marks (also known as quotation marks or inverted commas). For example: “You’ll never guess what I’ve just seen!” said Sam, excitedly. “What’s that?” asked Louise.

Direct speech describes when something is being repeated exactly as it was – usually in between a pair of inverted commas. Indirect speech will still share the same information – but instead of expressing someone’s comments or speech by directly repeating them, it involves reporting or describing what was said.

Rules for conversion of Indirect Speech to Direct Speech

When converting from direct to indirect speech, you must change the tense and remove quotation marks. For example: When converting speech from direct to indirect, you must change the present tense verbs to the past tense.

1. Examples:
2. Direct Speech: She said, “I am watching a movie”.
3. Indirect Speech: She said that she was watching a movie. ( Tense changed)
4. Direct Speech: He says, “I am playing cricket”.
5. Indirect Speech: He says that he is playing cricket. ( No change in tense)

Change in Tenses

Normally, the tense in reported speech is one tense back in time from the tense in direct speech: She said, “I am tired.” = She said that she was tired….Tense changes when using reported speech.