Adult Clavicle

The interior part of the long bone is called the medullary cavity; the inner core of the bone cavity is composed of marrow….The long bones in the body are as follows:

• Legs: The femur, tibia, and fibula.
• Arms: The humerus, radius, and ulna.
• The clavicles or collar bones.
• Metacarpals, metarsals, phalanges.

Compact bone is the dense, hard, smooth outer part of a bone. It surrounds the medullary cavity and contains blood vessels and nerves. The medullary cavity is the hollow part of bone that contains bone marrow. The bone marrow makes blood cells and stores fat.

Bones have tiny holes in their surface which allow the blood vessels and nerves to get in and out, thus to connect with blood circulation or the central nervous system, respectively.

The 5-year survival rate for a patient with Paget disease and sarcoma is 5-7.5%; however, it may be as high as 50% for those who undergo operative tumor ablation and chemotherapy before metastases occur. The 5-year survival rate for elderly patients with primary nonpagetic sarcoma is 37%.

Paget’s disease of bone can sometimes lead to further, potentially serious problems. These include: fragile bones that break more easily than normal. enlarged or misshapen bones.

There’s currently no cure for Paget’s disease of bone, but treatment can help relieve the symptoms. If you do not have any symptoms, your doctor may suggest keeping an eye on your condition and delaying treatment until any problems occur.

In very rare cases, Paget’s can turn into a life-threatening cancerous bone disease. Severe Paget’s disease may cause damage to the heart.

Paget’s disease of the nipple always starts in the nipple and may extend to the areola. It appears as a red, scaly rash on the skin of the nipple and areola. The affected skin is often sore and inflamed, and it can be itchy or cause a burning sensation. The nipple can sometimes be ulcerated.

Paget’s disease of bone is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease that leads to an increase in bone reabsorption. While depression is extensively described in Paget’s disease, affecting up to 50% of patients, the prevalence of manic episodes is unknown.

Paget’s disease of the nipple is more common in women, but like other forms of breast cancer, it can also affect men. The disease usually develops after age 50. According to the National Cancer Institute, the average age of diagnosis in women is 62, and in men, 69.

Paget’s (PAJ-its) disease of bone interferes with your body’s normal recycling process, in which new bone tissue gradually replaces old bone tissue. Over time, bones can become fragile and misshapen. The pelvis, skull, spine and legs are most commonly affected.

While researchers are still exploring the causes of Paget’s disease, some believe that it has links to the measles virus, as scientists have found traces of the disease in bone affected by Paget’s disease. The disorder has also become less common as the rate of measles has also declined.

Repeated episodes of bone removal and formation result in the appearance of many small, irregularly shaped bone fragments that appear to be joined in a jigsaw or mosaic pattern. This pattern is the histologic hallmark of Paget disease.

Bisphosphonates are first-line therapy for Paget’s disease, and the advent of the new bisphosphonates permits a dramatic improvement in treatment. The optimal treatment regimen should obtain normalisation or quasi-normalisation of markers of bone remodelling.

Paget’s disease causes the skin on and around the nipple to become red, sore, and flaky, or scaly. At first, these symptoms tend to come and go. Over time, symptoms of Paget’s disease usually worsen and may include: itching, tingling, and/or a burning sensation.

Paget’s disease can affect bone growth in the skull or spine, causing pressure on a nerve. Also, Paget’s disease can damage the tiny bones in the ear, leading to hearing loss. Paget’s disease can cause nerve problems such as: Hearing loss or ringing in the ears (tinnitus).

Many patients with Paget’s disease are symptom-free, or when symptoms are present, they resemble those of many other diseases. However, pain and symptoms can be severe in some patients. The disease can lead to major deformities of the skeleton and is an important cause of permanent disability.

Paget’s disease typically is localized, affecting just one or a few bones, as opposed to osteoporosis, for example, which affects all the bones in the body.

Paget’s disease can cause arthritis over time when enlarged and misshapen bones put extra stress on nearby joints. Your doctor may use several tests find out if you have Paget’s disease.

The new bone may occur in one or more regions of the body and is structurally abnormal, dense and fragile. This abnormal development may cause bone pain, arthritis, deformities and fractures. The bones most frequently affected are in the spine, skull, pelvis and lower legs.

Causes of Bone Spurs The most common cause of bone spurs is joint damage from osteoarthritis or degenerative joint disease. The cushioning between your joints and the bones of your spine can wear down with age. Rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and gout can also damage your joints.