‘Climatic variations’ and ‘Human activities’ can be regarded as the two main causes of desertification. removal of the natural vegetation cover（by taking too much fuel wood）, agricultural activities in the vulnerable ecosystems of arid and semi-arid areas, which are thus strained beyond their capacity.

Top soil can be lost by water erosion, wind erosion, and plowing.

Answer: Overgrazing is the major cause of desertification worldwide. Other factors that cause desertification include urbanization, climate change, over drafting of groundwater, deforestation, natural disasters and tillage practices in agriculture that place soils more vulnerable to wind.

What causes desertification? Over cultivation, overgrazing, deforestation, slash and burn, climate change. Climate gets hotter, less rainfall, less water supply, less vegetation grows, soil becomes bare and land is infertile so the land becomes a desert.

Answer: Desertification is a process when semi arid areas become drier and less able to support plant life, and is generally caused by human actions such as deforestation and overgrazing.

The effects of soil erosion go beyond the loss of fertile land. It has led to increased pollution and sedimentation in streams and rivers, clogging these waterways and causing declines in fish and other species. And degraded lands are also often less able to hold onto water, which can worsen flooding.

largest cause of soil erosion. farming, clear-cut logging, over grazing off road vehicle use all attrib to soil erosion.

Planting Vegetation as ground cover: Farmers plant trees and grass to cover and bind the soil. Plants prevent wind and water erosion by covering the soil and binding the soil with their roots. The best choice of plants to prevent soil erosion are herbs, wild flowers and small trees.

Loss of Topsoil Obviously, this is the biggest effect of soil erosion. Because topsoil is so fertile, if it is removed, this can cause serious harm to farmer’s crops or the ability to effectively work their land.

The removal of trees without sufficient reforestation has resulted in damage to habitat, biodiversity loss and aridity (drying of soil). Overgrazing, over cropping and or deforestation can lead to desertification – the spread of desert like lands due to these human activities accelerating natural erosion of soil.

Exposure to high levels of air pollution can cause a variety of adverse health outcomes. It increases the risk of respiratory infections, heart disease and lung cancer. Both short and long term exposure to air pollutants have been associated with health impacts. 5 particles that penetrate deep into lung passageways.

The definition of sustainable is something that can be continued or a practice that maintains a condition without harming the environment. An example of sustainable is the practice of reduce, reuse and recycle. Capable of being continued with minimal long-term effect on the environment.