coacervation-phase separation technique in micro encapsulation. 3. INTRODUCTION:  Microencapsulation is the packaging of small particles of solid, liquid or gas, also known as core, within a secondary material, also known as shell or coating to form small microparticles. 4.

Simple coacervation involves the use of single polymer such as gelatin or ethyl cellulose. While, complex coacervation involves neutralization of two oppositely charge polymer in aqueous solution. The widely used method is neutralization between negatively charge Arabic gum and positively charge gelatin [8].

a theory expressed by the Russian biochemist A.I. Oparin in 1936 suggesting that the origin of life was preceded by the formation of mixed colloidal units called ‘coacervates’. These are particles composed of two or more colloids which might be protein, lipid or nucleic acid.

1 Formaldehyde or Glutaraldehyde-Based Techniques. Complex coacervation. This technique employs two natural biodegradable polymers of opposite charge. One commonly used pair of such polymers is alginate and gelatin.

Phase separation is a method for creating biocompatible scaffold matrices by precipitation of polymers from a polymer-poor phase and a polymer-rich phase. Water is then used to extract the solvent from the gel; the polymer-rich phase then solidifies on reducing the temperature to a 3-D porous composite scaffold.

Complex coacervation is a highly promising microencapsulation technique that is extensively employed in pharmaceutical, food, agriculture and textile industries. The process involves the interaction of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes in aqueous form.

Coacervates composed of poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride (PDDA) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were also able to sequester globular proteins such as green fluorescent protein (GFP) at a 86-fold higher concentration within the coacervate phase droplet as compared to the surrounding phase (Williams et al., 2012).

5.1. Phase separation is a process where a single-phase homogenous solution is critically quenched, causing separation into a two phases; polymer-rich region and a solvent-rich region.

Phase separation occurs when enough water contaminates the gasoline, causing the ethanol to attach itself to the water molecules, leaving two distinct layers in the storage tank, a gasoline-only layer at the top and an ethanol/water “cocktail” along the bottom (see Figure 2).

Polymer coacervation is a long established, and widely used, method for reversible gelification and microencapsulation of biological materials such as liquid and solid drug compounds or cells. Coacervation is defined, by IUPAC, as the separation of colloidal systems into two liquid phases.

Coacervation, the separation of solutions into colloidal systems with two liquid phases [42], was used to form spheres. This separation involves the formation of one phase rich in polymer (the coacervate) and another phase lacking polymer, which is brought about by the partial desolvation of a previously dissolved polymer [42] [43] [44]. …

Complex coacervation process consists of three steps: 1. Formation of an O/W emulsion 2. Formation of the coating 3. Stabilization of the coating. EXAMPLE: Core material: Methyl salicylate Coat material: Gelatin or Gum acacia Solvent : Water 16.

The coacervation technique is basically used for encapsulation of hydrophilic molecules and so for proteins. Homogeneity and particle size can be controlled in this method by changing the molecular weight and amount of polymer used, and/or the viscosity of the non-solvent, etc. (Figure 4.4 ).

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