Line graphs

Building Bar Graphs

• The Title. The title offers a short explanation of what is in your graph.
• The Source. The source explains where you found the information that is in your graph.
• X-Axis. Bar graphs have an x-axis and a y-axis.
• Y-Axis. In most bar graphs, like the one above, the y-axis runs vertically (us and down).
• The Data.
• The Legend.

Required bar graph titles include the name of the graph, the title of the vertical axes, and the title of the horizontal axes. It is important to title bar graphs carefully so the information makes sense and the graph is easy to read and understand.

If there’s one thing almost everyone agrees on in data visualization, it’s that bar charts should start at zero. Starting them anywhere else — truncating the y-axis — risks misleading your audience by making a small difference look like a big one.

An increment is a small, unspecified, nonzero change in the value of a quantity. The symbol most commonly used is the uppercase Greek letter delta ( ). As point Q approaches point P , both of these increments approach zero, and the ratio of increments y / x approaches the slope of the curve at point P .

Three types of graphs are used in this course: line graphs, pie graphs, and bar graphs. Each is discussed below.

This means that as x increases, y increases and as x decreases, y decreases-and that the ratio between them always stays the same. The graph of the proportional relationship equation is a straight line through the origin.

How to tell the difference: A proportional graph is a straight line that always goes through the origin. A non-proportional graph is a straight line that does not go through the origin.

A graph of a proportional relationship is a straight line that passes through the origin. The constant of a proportionality in a graph of a proportional relationship is the constant ratio of y to x (the slope of the line).

Straight line graphs that go through the origin, like the one immediately below, show that the quantities on the graph are in direct proportion. It reads: A is directly proportional to B. It means: By whatever factor A changes, B changes by the same factor.

Direct Proportion In mathematical statements, it can be expressed as y = kx. This reads as “y varies directly as x” or “y is directly proportional as x” where k is constant in the equation.

more Proportion says that two ratios (or fractions) are equal. Example: 1/3 = 2/6. See: Equivalent Fractions.

There are two types of proportions.

• Direct Proportion- describes the direct relationship between two quantities. In simple words, if one quantity increases, the other quantity also increases and vice-versa.
• Inverse Proportion- describes the indirect relationship between two quantities.

Setting up and solving a proportion is a helpful strategy for solving a variety of proportional reasoning problems. In these problems, it is always important to determine what the unknown value is, and then identify a proportional relationship that you can use to solve for the unknown value.

“Perfect” Body Proportions of Men and Women For women, the “magic” number is considered to be “36”-“24”-“36”, defined as a 36 inch bust, 24 inch waist, and 36 inch hips. This is considered to be the “perfect” proportion for women, and is thought of as the “hour-glass figure” due to its symmetry.

To determine you body proportions make the following measurements:

• From your shoulder line to the narrowest part of your torso (C)
• From the narrowest part of your torso to the crotch (D)If C=D. you have a balanced waist. Your waist is short if C is shorter than D, and long if C is longer than D.

These are the classical human body proportions. Not every adult person has 1 to 8 head-to-body ratio. On average this ratio is between 1 to 6.5 and 1 to 8. Infants and children have relatively bigger heads, and as they grow, the body becomes considerably taller, while the head doesn’t grow as much.