Due to the society’s interest in religion, people were afraid of scientific developments and feared what this would do to mankind. It was a text that shook Victorian society and was condemned and banned due to its theory that God had not created the universe as outlined in the Bible.

A crisis of faith — when you seriously question whether what you believe/how you see/what you’re committed to is actually true — is a good thing. It’s not pleasant. It hurts. The ground goes wobbly. You may be reaching for sleeping pills or alcohol or a lover to get you from 2 to 4:30 a.m. each night.

Evolutionary theory provoked in Victorian letters a wave of pessimism and scepticism about the human condition. Mankind had been proud of these concepts because they put man in a superior position in relation to the world of nature, but Darwin shattered them by one theory.

Complex, image-forming eyes have evolved independently several times. The earliest known fossil of complex eyes date from the Ediacaran, with the appearance of the stem mollusk Clementechiton sonorensis. Diverse eyes are known from the Burgess shale of the Middle Cambrian, and from the slightly older Emu Bay Shale.

Eyes may have evolved as many as 40 times during metazoan development. Some basic eye molecules, such as retinal and the opsins, are highly conserved and present throughout most multicellular animals.

Eyes – The sensory interpretation of light is extremely useful for animals, as you would expect. Having two eyes means that the light from the same source hits each eye at a different angle, giving our brains a way to determine distance of the object.

“There is one species that has only one eye naturally and they are from a genus called copepods.” Unlike the mythical one-eyed giant Cyclops, these real-world creatures are pretty small. In fact, some copepods are even smaller than a grain of rice.

Hence, dolphins, belugas, sperm whales and orcas have one nostril. Lampreys and Hagfish (primitive vertebrates) also have one nostril, though I do not know the reason why.

Blindsight: Animals That See without Eyes [Slide Show]

• SEA URCHINS. Sea urchins respond to light in various ways: they might change color, twitch their spines or move toward or away from light.
• HYDRAS.
• SQUIDS, CUTTLEFISHES AND OCTOPUSES.
• C.
• SWALLOWTAIL BUTTERFLIES.
• SCORPIONS.

Taste sensations Other animals naturally have no tongues, such as sea stars, sea urchins and other echinoderms, as well as crustaceans, says Chris Mah via email. Mah is a marine invertebrate zoologist at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History and has discovered numerous species of sea stars.

The Tyrannous Rex not only could see just fine, whether the object was moving or non-moving (which helps one not run into things), there’s also quite a bit of evidence that the T-Rex’s sight was extremely good, very possibly better than modern-day hawks and eagles.

rex gets loose and attacks a group of human characters, Grant says to Lex, “Don’t move. It can’t see us if we don’t move.” Sure enough, the dinosaur gets up in their faces without noticing them right after he says that.

In the immensely popular (despite the sins) movie Jurassic Park, there’s the famous scene where the giant T-Rex is attacking a jeep during a thunder storm. As it attacks, Dr. Alan Grant, a self-respecting paleontologist, yells, “Don’t move! He can’t see you, if you don’t move.” Here’s the thing – that’s wrong.

In the book, it is explained that the Jurassic Park T-Rex had vision-based movement because the missing sequences in its dino-DNA were filled in with frog-DNA. Frog vision is better at a distance than close-up, and is highly sensitive to motion.

The precise purpose of T. rex’s relatively tiny arms has long been mysterious. Over the years, scientists have suggested that they might have been used to grasp struggling prey, to help resting dinosaurs push themselves up from the ground, or to grip tight to mates during sex.

The Stegosaurus was an herbivore meaning that it ate plants. Dinosaur enthusiasts know that the popular image of a Tyrannosaurus Rex fighting and eating a stegosaurus were entirely impossible, the two species lived during totally different periods in history.

Velociraptor Was About the Size of a Big Chicken This meat-eater weighed only approximately 30 pounds soaking wet (about the same as a good-sized human toddler) and was just 2 feet tall and 6 feet long.

Troodon

‘There’s a weird urban myth that Velociraptor has a higher encephalisation quotient than humans. It clearly doesn’t. ‘However, the size of Velociraptor’s brain in proportion to its body is relatively high compared to most reptiles, including most other dinosaurs, so it seems likely it was comparatively clever.

crocodiles

In an evolutionary sense, birds are a living group of dinosaurs because they descended from the common ancestor of all dinosaurs. Other than birds, however, there is no scientific evidence that any dinosaurs, such as Tyrannosaurus, Velociraptor, Apatosaurus, Stegosaurus, or Triceratops, are still alive.

The chimpanzee and bonobo are humans’ closest living relatives. These three species look alike in many ways, both in body and behavior.