Its only function is to speed up the reaction. In the absence of a catalyst the reaction is so slow that virtually no reaction happens in any sensible time. The catalyst ensures that the reaction is fast enough for a dynamic equilibrium to be set up within the very short time that the gases are actually in the reactor.

vanadium

vanadium pentaoxide

The Contact Process is the current method of producing sulfuric acid in high concentrations needed for industrial processes. Platinum used to be the catalyst for this reaction; however, as it is susceptible to reacting with arsenic impurities in the sulfur feedstock, Vanadium Oxide (V2O5) is now preferred.

The Hot gases( SO2 ) evolved from burning of sulfur ore comes in contact with catalyst bed, So the name of this process is called contact process.

Iron is a cheap catalyst used in the Haber process. It helps to achieve an acceptable yield in an acceptable time.

Iron catalyst is used in the Haber process for synthesis of ammonia because iron is not easily poisoned as compared to other catalysts. When catalyst used is poisoned its efficiency is reduced in that the yield of that given product is reduced.

In 1874, Henry Deacon had derived a process to reduce HCl emissions as mandated by the Alkali Act. In this process, hydrogen chloride is oxidized by oxygen over a copper chloride catalyst, resulting in the production of chlorine.

The Deacon reaction [1] is the industrial process whereby hydrogen chloride is oxidized to chlorine and water thereby permitting chlorine recovery for reuse. Due to equilibrium conditions, low operation temperatures are favorable in terms of possible conversion per pass.

Nickel-based catalysts are widely used in petrochemistry for selective hydrogenation of poly-unsaturated compounds formed during steam cracking, such as dienes and/or alkynes.

Deacon’s process : In Deacon’s process chlorine is obtained by the oxidation of hydrogen chloride gas by atmospheric oxygen in the presence of CuCl2 (catalyst) at 723 K.

: a method of obtaining chlorine gas by passing air and hydrogen chloride over a heated catalyst (as copper chloride)

Chlorine can be manufactured by the electrolysis of a sodium chloride solution (brine), which is known as the Chloralkali process. Chlorine is obtained as a byproduct during manufacture of NaOH. Aqueous NaCl solution is electrolysed. Hydrogen gas is obtained at cathode and chlorine gas is obtained at anode.

Chlorine kills bacteria – it is a disinfectant. It is used to treat drinking water and swimming pool water. It is also used to make hundreds of consumer products from paper to paints, and from textiles to insecticides.

Chlorine is commonly used as an antiseptic and is used to make drinking water safe and to treat swimming pools. Large amounts of chlorine are used in many industrial processes, such as in the production of paper products, plastics, dyes, textiles, medicines, antiseptics, insecticides, solvents and paints.

Chlorine is an important chemical in water purification, in disinfectants, in bleach and in mustard gas. It is used to kill bacteria and other microbes from drinking water supplies. Chlorine is involved in beaching wood pulp for paper making, bleach is also used industrially to remove ink from recycle paper.

Chlorine is a component of all body secretions and excretions resulting from processes of building (anabolism) and breaking down (catabolism) body tissues. Levels of chlorine closely parallel levels of sodium intake and output, since a primary source of both is sodium chloride, or common table salt.

When chlorine enters the body as a result of breathing, swallowing, or skin contact, it reacts with water to produce acids. The acids are corrosive and damage cells in the body on contact.

Chlorine, either solid or liquid, is a pesticide used in pools to destroy germs, including those from feces, urine, saliva and other substances. But excessive exposure to chlorine can cause sickness and injuries, including rashes, coughing, nose or throat pain, eye irritation and bouts of asthma, health experts warn.

Yes. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) limits the amount of chlorine in drinking water to levels that are safe for human consumption. The levels of chlorine used for drinking water disinfection are unlikely to cause long-term health effects.

For example, the Brita water filter pitcher uses a coconut-based activated carbon filter that removes chlorine, zinc, copper, cadmium and mercury. Unlike metals, they pass through the filter because these don’t bind to the carbon.

The Dangers of Chlorine in Your Drinking Water Stomachaches, vomiting, and diarrhea can all be effects of ingesting chlorine, and it can also cause dry, itchy skin. Severe chlorine poisoning can be far worse – a significant dose of liquid chlorine can be extremely toxic and even fatal to humans.

Chlorine can also cause health issues such as increased risk of developing allergies or asthma in kids. And among adults, exposure to chlorine in pools has been linked to bladder and rectal cancer and increased risk for coronary heart disease.

Generally, these pools require less maintenance than a chlorine pool. As we said above, it will also be better for your skin because of the lower chlorine levels. Saltwater pools are also generally the cleaner of the two. Having a salt water pool could also be safer than having a chlorine pool.

Swimming every day is good for the mind, body, and soul. Yards aside, just swimming in a body of water every day will help you develop stronger muscles (hello, swimmer’s bod), heart, and lungs, as reported by Time. Swimming is also great for your mind.

An excessive amount of pool chemicals can cause your water to be cloudy. That includes: high pH, high alkalinity, high chlorine or other sanitizers, and high calcium hardness.

VITAMIN C

According to NSPI standards for public pools, the ideal frequency for a super dose is every week, depending on use and water temperature. For high use pools, superchlorination may be required three times a week or more as a preventive measure.