Analog facilities have limited bandwidth, which means they cannot support high-speed data. Another characteristic of analog is that noise is accumulated as the signal traverses the network.

In analog circuits, the presence of noise is harder to avoid, as there is no innate thresholding. Consequently, noise manifests as errors which tend to remove information from the signal – i.e. it masks off parts of the signal which would otherwise carry useful data.

An analog circuit is not intrinsically more susceptible to noise than a digital circuit, because a digital circuit is made up of analog devices. Noise is a signal that interferes with the signal of interest. The difference in analog circuits and digital circuits is the kind of noise that can be safely tolerated.

Summary of Reducing Noise: 6 Tips

1. Keep the signal wires short.
2. Keep the wires away from electrical machinery.
3. Use twisted together wires.
4. Use differential inputs to remove noise common the both wires.
5. Use an integrating A-D converter to reduce mains frequency interference.
6. Filter the signal.

Signal distortion is not usually significant for lengths less than 30 feet (or 1000 picofarads). To minimize the distortion, use low capacitance cable (less than 30 picofarads per foot), in the shortest length possible for the application.

When the output of the amplifier swings negative near ground the output stage may introduce some distortion. One possible solution is to bias the voltage on the VREF pin to a more positive voltage. The amount of bias needed will depend upon the peak-peak output signal from the amplifier.

Noise reduction can be achieved in both the time domain as well as frequency domain. In case of the latter, Fourier Transform or Wavelet Transform of the observed signal is obtained and subsequently an appropriate filter is applied.

Distortion and overdrive are forms of audio signal processing used to alter the sound of amplified electric musical instruments, usually by increasing their gain, producing a “fuzzy”, “growling”, or “gritty” tone.

1. Encoding: The act of producing a message. Encoding is subject to distortion when the sender encodes messages in a way that causes important information to be left out. Begin with the end in mind—before producing a message, think about what it is that needs to be communicated.

Intermodulation distortion is a result of nonlinearities in the system such that one frequency component tends to modulate another frequency component—e.g., a high audio frequency modulating a low audio frequency. Noise added to a signal, either purposely or inadvertently, is sometimes referred to as distortion.

These include filtering, selective perception, information overload, emotional disconnects, lack of source familiarity or credibility, workplace gossip, semantics, gender differences, differences in meaning between Sender and Receiver, and biased language. Let’s examine each of these barriers.

Emotional barriers and taboos. Lack of attention, interest, distractions, or irrelevance to the receiver. Differences in perception and viewpoint. Physical disabilities such as hearing problems or speech difficulties.