Sand particles are easier for water to maneuver through the pore spaces while clay particles because of their flat shape and electrically charge state has a more difficult time making it way through the matrix of particles, in other words, sand is more permeable that clay.

Surprisingly, clay can have high porosity too because clay has a greater surface area than sand, therefore, more water can remain in the soil. However, clay has bad permeability.

Permeability is the ability of soils to transmit water and air through its layers. Infiltration is the rate at which water can move through a soil and its layers. …

Permeability refers to the movement of air and water through the soil, which is important because it affects the supply of root-zone air, moisture, and nutrients available for plant uptake. Slow permeability is characteristic of a moderately fine subsoil with angular to subangular blocky structure.

Soil permeability is the property of the soil to transmit water and air and is one of the most important qualities to consider for fish culture. A pond built in impermeable soil will lose little water through seepage. The more permeable the soil, the greater the seepage.

Various properties of water or fluid such as unit weight and viscosity also effects the permeability. However, unit weight of water will not affect much since it does not change much with temperature. From equation (1), permeability increase when viscosity decreases.

Advantages of casting process Any intricate shape may be internal or external can be made. It is practically possible to cast any material. Tools required for casting processes are generally inexpensive. Cooling of casting is generally uniform from all directions hence it is generally does not have directional …

Advantages and Disadvantages:

• It can create any complex structure economically.
• The size of object doesn’t matter for casting.
• The casting objects have high compressive strength.
• All structure made by casting has wide range of properties.
• This can create an accurate object.
• All material can be cast.

Disadvantages. Investment casting has a higher cost associated with it. In fact, it is more expensive than Sand Casting, Permanent Mold and the Plaster Casting process. When compared to other types of casting processes, investment casting needs a longer product-cycle time.

The Best Casting Process for Your Needs

• Aluminum Die Casting.
• Sand Casting.
• V-Casting.
• Investment Casting.
• Graphite Permanent Mold.
• Steel Die Permanent Mold.
• Plaster Mold.
• Get Help With Die Casting.

The boundaries between these individual grains work to slow down the deformation of the metal when subject to an external load i.e. a metal with a fine grain size will have a higher yield strength than one with a coarse grain size. A cast component will cool down very slowly from the molten state.

10 types of casting process

• （1）Sand casting.
• （2）Investment casting.
• （3）Die casting.
• （4）Low pressure casting.
• （5）Centrifugal casting.
• （6）Gravity die casting.
• （7）Vacuum die casting.
• （8）Squeezing die casting.

The modern casting process is subdivided into two main categories: expendable and non-expendable casting.

Zinc is a good metal for a kid to use for casting. It’s easily available at a scrap metal dealer (at least it used to be) for next to nothing. It melts at a low enough temperature that you can melt it on the stove, with effort, or with a propane torch. And it’s quite non-toxic, certainly far less toxic than lead.

• Solid or Single Piece Pattern. Single piece pattern is the cheapest pattern among all other types of pattern.
• Two- Piece Pattern. Two- piece pattern is also called as split piece pattern.
• Multi Piece Pattern.
• Match Plate Pattern.
• Gated Pattern.
• Skeleton Pattern.
• Sweep Pattern.
• Loose Piece Pattern.