Iodine is a chemical element with the symbol I and atomic number 53. The heaviest of the stable halogens, it exists as a lustrous, purple-black non-metallic solid at standard conditions that melts to form a deep violet liquid at 114 degrees Celsius, and boils to a violet gas at 184 degrees Celsius.

As a pure element, iodine is a lustrous purple-black nonmetal that is solid under standard conditions. It sublimes (changes from a solid to a gaseous state while bypassing a liquid form) easily and gives off a purple vapor. Although it is technically a non-metal, it exhibits some metallic qualities.

In fluorine, the electrons are tightly held to the nuclei. As we move from fluorine to iodine, the electrons are further from the nuclei so the electron clouds can more easily distort. The London dispersion forces become progressively stronger. At a low enough temperature the molecules will all be solids.

black

Pure iodine is violet, but when it’s dissolved in water, it accepts an electron from the oxygen atom, affecting how it absorbs light. When you shake the fluids, the iodine leaves the water and dissolves in the oil, and returns to its purple colour!

Iodine may be removed from water by means of active carbon. Iodine is often applied to purify water. Its primary application is drinking water disinfection. Iodine tablets that may be added directly to water can be obtained.

Well or spring water had highest iodine content of drinking water samples, followed by natural water source, with tap water having the lowest content.

Disinfect water using household bleach, if you can’t boil water. Only use regular, unscented chlorine bleach products that are suitable for disinfection and sanitization as indicated on the label. The label may say that the active ingredient contains 6 or 8.25% of sodium hypochlorite.

Iodine, for many years used by walkers and mountaineers to disinfect water, will be banned in the European Union from autumn. The ban means that, from 25 October retailers will no longer be allowed to sell or supply for use the substance.

It is important to be aware that most milk-alternative drinks (e.g. soya/almond/oat) are not fortified with iodine and have a low iodine content….Where is iodine found in the diet?