How does insulin promote glycogen synthesis in the liver? UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase works in glycogen synthesis by this mechanism: It adds a UMP molecule to glucose-1-phosphate by splitting out pyrophosphate.

How do the control mechanisms in glycogen metabolism lead to amplification of response to a stimulus? This is based on the fact that the response to hormones generates a signaling cascade that eventuates in the activation or inhibition of enzymes involved in glycogen metabolism.

Given the information below, which is more favorable energetically, the oxidation of succinate to fumarate by NAD+ or by FAD? For NAD+: -0.320 – 0.031 = -0.351 For FAD: -0.219 – 0.031 = -0.250 Thus, neither of these transfers is favorable – but the use of FAD will be more favorable.

Sugar nucleotides are diphosphates that result from hydrolysis to 2 phosphate ions, releasing more energy and driving the addition of glucose residues to glycogen. Glycogen synthase catalyzes all of the stages of glycogen synthesis, except for the formation of branches.

What kind of reaction is used to release glucose units from glycogen? glycogen breakdown.

(a)Increasing the level of ATP favors both gluconeogenesis and glycogen synthesis. (b)Decreasing the level of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate would tend to stimulate glycolysis, rather than gluconeogenesis or glycogen synthesis.

Instead, it is embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Fumarate is the product of this reaction. The oxidation reaction that makes fumarate is different in being a reaction where protons and electrons are taken away to make a double bond and for this reason, FAD is needed instead of NAD.