Greek city-states likely developed because of the physical geography of the Mediterranean region. Another reason city-states formed, rather than a central, all-encompassing monarchy, was that the Greek aristocracy strove to maintain their city-states’ independence and to unseat any potential tyrants.

This means Homer did not only wrote two classical literary works but passed this to Ancient Greeks and later to writers of other contexts. Therefore, the element Ancient Greeks inherit from Homer and then pass on to later civilization was Epic poetry.

The Greeks spread their culture to other peoples by selling wine, olives and pottery. In return, they bought goods from other cultures. In the Greek world, trade began about 4,600 years ago. Greek pottery and precious goods have been found far from where they were made.

What did the Greeks learn from trading with other peoples? They learned the Phoenician alphabet and about coins from trading with other people. – The mountainous geography of Greece limited agriculture and political unity. – The Greeks depended on the sea to connect with each other and with the wider world.

Stars

Before people of Ancient Greece would go into any ship and before the ship was even allowed to leave the harbor, they sailors would pray to the god Poseidon to keep them safe while they were in the water.

a natural harbor. A good location to start an ancient Greek colony would have had what? They spread the Greek culture over a wide area. How did ancient Greek colonies affect other places?

Hoplites

15 to 20 lbs

The Javelin is a throwing spear. It was the Long-Range weapon of the Spartan. It is also used by Alexander the Great and Vlad the Impaler in Deadliest Warrior: Legends. Javelins existed throughout the stoneage and were one of the oldest projectile weapons in history.

As an alternative to the xiphos, some Spartans selected the kopis as their secondary weapon. Unlike the xiphos, which is a thrusting weapon, the kopis was a hacking weapon in the form of a thick, curved iron sword.

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Obstacle: The Spear Throw It is a 20-to-30-foot throw from behind a barricade, often to a target made up of two or three bales of hay.

A brightly colored horsehair crest was worn on the top of the helmet to make the hoplite look taller and more imposing as well as to possibly help soften the blows from enemy weapons. It could also serve as a badge of rank or designate one’s unit.

Sparta was legendary for being the most dominant military force in ancient Greece. The helmets used by the Spartan warriors strongly resembled the Corinthian helmet with its pointed cheek guards and extended nose guard, but the plume was made with the same material used for the helmet, usually bronze.

: an anatomical part suggesting a helmet.

Why do Spartans wear capes? The Sparta cloak had many different functions; it could be used as a spare chiton, chlamys, himation, in case you had only that left. It served also as some sort of practical, portable ‘blanket’ that could be used to keep warm awake as well as asleep.

Spartan Military Innovations. The hoplite phalanx, however, consisted of specially-armed infantry. They all wore bronze body armor, helmets, bronze shin guards, and all carried shields. The phalanx fought in formation in a highly organized and disciplined manner.

The color was supposedly chosen because it was considered more manly (least associated with women, that is) and warlike. Additionally, during battles, it frightened the opponents and made sure the blood from any wound the Spartan hoplite had sustained would be less visible.

The color blue, it turns out, is never mentioned. Instead, the author uses descriptions like “wine-dark” to describe blue items such as the sea. Digging a little deeper into the history of blue, historians concluded that the word “blue” did not even exist in Greek times.

There’s Evidence Humans Didn’t Actually See Blue Until Modern Times. Other than the sky, there isn’t really much in nature that is inherently a vibrant blue. In fact, the first society to have a word for the colour blue was the Egyptians, the only culture that could produce blue dyes.

History of the problem The word kyanós (κυανός), which in later stages of Greek meant blue, does make a limited appearance, but for Homer it almost certainly meant “dark”, as it was used to describe the eyebrows of Zeus.